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Session 01 / 04· Decode any answer

How to Not Be Fooled (by Your Brain or Your Chatbot)

Decode any confident answer — from a person, a statistic, or an AI.

Grades 8–1260 minuteslive clicker activities

The hook

Your brain wants a good story; data wants to ruin it — and so does your AI. The catch: AI was trained on us, so it inherits our exact blind spots.

What students learn

  • How predictable thinking bugs (anchoring, priming, the confidence trap) steer your judgement — and a chatbot's.
  • The single most useful AI skill in the course: decoding an LLM's answer with the Ladder of Misinference.
  • Why a hallucination is just a statement wearing the costume of proof.
  • How to spot misleading graphs and statistics, whether a human or an AI made them.
  • Why the same prompt can give different answers — and what to do about it.

The promise

By the end, students can take any confident answer — from a person, a statistic, or a chatbot — and climb the Ladder of Misinference to test it: statement → fact → data → evidence → proof.

Lands on

Certainty is not accuracy — not in your head, and not in a chatbot. Always ask which rung of the Ladder you are actually on.

The interactive AI demos

Every idea is a Mirror Move

We run it on the room, show it inside the machine, prove it on a live chatbot, then name the skill. Here are this session's loops.

The hour, beat by beat

  1. 1

    Your brain has bugs

    Anchoring and priming, run live on the room — then mirrored in the model.

  2. 2

    Numbers and graphs lie

    The gee-whiz axis, which-average tricks; AI generates and swallows the same ones.

  3. 3

    Randomness fools us

    Why one chatbot run is never the whole story.

  4. 4

    Confident ≠ correct

    An LLM's fluent confidence is not evidence.

  5. 5

    Science self-corrects — and so should you

    Climb the Ladder of Misinference on a chatbot's answer, together.

  6. 6

    Empowering close

    Rosling-style optimism: with these skills, AI is an extraordinary tool.

Drawn from

  • Kahneman — Thinking, Fast and Slow
  • Edmans — May Contain Lies (the Ladder of Misinference)
  • Huff — How to Lie with Statistics
  • Kahneman, Sibony & Sunstein — Noise
  • Rosling — Factfulness

All sources are paraphrased; quotes are short and attributed. We teach the same skepticism toward AI that we teach toward any confident claim.

Next session

Thinking Like a Computer (So You Can Talk to One)

Direct the machine

Ready to book?

Run this session standalone, or as part of the four-session package.